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LIST OF INITIATIVES

We are conducting research on the political, economic, scientific and organizational factors required to implement alternative business models of pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) that may better serve the global public interest (e.g., deliver both innovation and global access). 

As part of this research, we have created this database of initiatives that appear to fund, implement or facilitate pharmaceutical R&D in a manner that differs from the traditional business model. If you want to read the analysis of the database, you can find it here. If you want to download the database, you can do it here, and to download the data collection process, click here.

This database was updated in April 2024 with 8 additional alternative initiatives.

Filter by Organizational Form

U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Year or creation:

Unclear

Region (HQ):

North America

Country (HQ):

United States

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

National government agencies

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)

Year or creation:

1960

Region (HQ):

Latin America and the Caribbean

Country (HQ):

Brazil

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

University of California, Berkeley

Year or creation:

Unclear

Region (HQ):

North America

Country (HQ):

United States

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

Utrecht Centre for Affordable Biotherapeutics (UCAB)

Year or creation:

2014

Region (HQ):

Western Europe

Country (HQ):

The Netherlands

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Therapeutics

Disease Area:

Oncology, Diabetes, Respiratory diseases, Respiratory Syncytial Virus

UCAB (a collaboration between Utrecht University and the World Health Organization) is a “non-profit foundation that contributes to the shared goals of both organizations in promoting the wide availability of high quality, safe and affordable biotherapeutics in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)...UCAB focuses on the development of biotherapeutics with the greatest impact on public health in LMICs, which are preferably included in the Essential Medicines List (EML) or the Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) portfolio of the World Health Organization” (Utrecht University, n.d.).

Venatorx Pharmaceuticals

Year or creation:

2010

Region (HQ):

North America

Country (HQ):

United States

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Private Company

Technology Type:

Therapeutics

Disease Area:

Bacterial diseases

“Venatorx Pharmaceuticals is a private company that is focused on the discovery and development of novel anti-infectives to treat multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and hard-to-treat viral infections…Venatorx’s two lead antibacterial clinical-stage programs are intravenous (cefepime-taniborbactam) and oral (ceftibuten/VNRX-7145) broad-spectrum beta-lactam / beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations that are in Phase 3 and Phase 1, respectively. In addition, the first Venatorx antiviral compound (VNRX-9945), a Hepatitis B virus inhibitor, has advanced to Phase 1 clinical development” (Venatorx, n.d.).

Wellcome Leap - R3 Program

Year or creation:

2018

Region (HQ):

Western Europe

Country (HQ):

United Kingdom

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Not-for-profit organization

Technology Type:

Therapeutics

Disease Area:

RNA and mRNA therapeutics and vaccines

“Wellcome Leap builds bold, unconventional programs, and funds them at scale. Programs that aim to deliver breakthroughs in human health over 5 – 10 years and demonstrate seemingly impossible results on seemingly impossible timelines. Wellcome Leap is a global ARPA for health” (Wellcome Leap, n.d.). Wellcome Leap’s R3 program has two goals: “one, to increase exponentially the number of biologic products that can be designed, developed, and produced every year, reducing their costs and increasing equitable access; and two, to create a self-sustaining network of manufacturing facilities providing globally distributed, state-of-the-art surge capacity to meet future pandemic needs” (ibid).

U.S. Patent and Trademark Office - Patents for Humanity

Year or creation:

2012

Region (HQ):

North America

Country (HQ):

United States

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

National government agencies

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Not disease-specific

“Patents for Humanity is the United States Patent and Trademark Office's (USPTO) awards competition recognizing innovators who use game-changing technology to meet global humanitarian challenges. The program provides business incentives for reaching those in need: winners receive an acceleration certificate to expedite select proceedings at the USPTO, as well as public recognition of their work. The awards showcase how patent holders with vision are pioneering innovative ways to provide affordable, scalable, and sustainable solutions for the less fortunate” (USPTO, n.d.).

This initiative was selected based on its inclusion in the report “RE:ROUTE, A map of the alternative biomedical R&D landscape”, (Kiddell-Monroe, Greenberg, and Basey 2016)

University of Basel

Year or creation:

Unclear

Region (HQ):

Western Europe

Country (HQ):

Switzerland

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

Université des Montagnes

Year or creation:

Unclear

Region (HQ):

West and Central Africa

Country (HQ):

Cameroon

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

VacEquity Global Health/ VaxEquity (VXT)

Year or creation:

2020

Region (HQ):

Western Europe

Country (HQ):

United Kingdom

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Private Company

Technology Type:

Vaccines

Disease Area:

RNA and mRNA therapeutics and vaccines

VacEquity Global Health (VGH) was “founded in May 2020 to support fast-track development and global distribution of Imperial's COVID-19 vaccine candidate” (Imperial College London, 2021). VacEquity Global Health has since closed, but “Imperial [College London] and its partners, including VaxEquity (VXT), will continue to seek to develop self-amplifying RNA vaccines that can ultimately be distributed to the widest possible global population at low cost, including for low- and middle-income countries” (ibid).

Weill Cornell Medicine

Year or creation:

Unclear

Region (HQ):

North America

Country (HQ):

United States

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Academic and other research institutions

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Neglected diseases

This organization was included for its participation in non profit R&D for Neglected Diseases (Vieira M, Kimmitt R and Moon S.  F1000Research 2021, 10:190)

Wellcome Trust

Year or creation:

1936

Region (HQ):

Western Europe

Country (HQ):

United Kingdom

Active as of 12/2022:

Yes

Organizational form:

Not-for-profit organization

Technology Type:

Not specified

Disease Area:

Climate and health, Infectious diseases, Mental health disorders

“Wellcome is a global charitable foundation established in 1936. Through our work we support science to solve the urgent health issues facing everyone. We fund curiosity-driven research, and we’re taking on three of the biggest health challenges facing humanity – climate change, infectious disease and mental health. With a £37.8 billion investment portfolio, we give researchers the time and resources they need to make breakthroughs. We also work with policy makers, run advocacy campaigns, and form partnerships with other organisations to ensure everyone, everywhere benefits from advances in health science” (Wellcome Trust, n.d.).

The development of this database is the result of the collective effort of the NBM research team members: Suerie Moon, Adrián Alonso Ruiz, Marcela Vieira, Kaitlin Large, Iulia Slovenski, Yiqi Liu, Danielle Navarro, Temmy Sunyoto and Surabhi Agarwal.

 

This website was developed by Bétina Zago and Adrián Alonso Ruiz, with the supervision of Suerie Moon, and the support of Marcela Vieira, Kaitlin Large, Iulia Slovenski and Yiqi Liu.

 

This work was supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation PRIMA Grant (179842). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

ABOUT US

 

The Knowledge Network on Innovation and Access to Medicines is a project of the Global Health Centre at the Graduate Institute, Geneva. The project seeks to maximize the contributions of research and analysis to producing public health needs-driven innovation and globally-equitable access to medicines.

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